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排序方式: 共有1327条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
三维电极法深度处理维生素生产废水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用三维电极法对维生素废水进行深度处理,分别以钛涂钌铱板、铁板和不锈钢板作为电极阳极,石墨板作为电极阴极,柱状活性炭作为粒子电极,结果表明,当以钛涂钌铱板作为阳极,以粒径为1 mm的柱状活性炭作为粒子电极时电解效果最好,COD和色度去除率最高。实验选择电解电压、电极板间距、电解时间和初始pH值作为主要影响因素进行正交实验,实验研究证明,各因素的影响大小为电解电压>电极板间距>电解时间>初始pH值,得到的最佳参数组合分别为:电解电压为10 V,电极板间距为8 cm,电解时间为20 min,初始pH值为4,得到COD和色度最大去除率分别为59.5%和93.57%。 相似文献
32.
Moe MK Huber S Svenson J Hagenaars A Pabon M Trümper M Berger U Knapen D Herzke D 《Chemosphere》2012,89(7):869-875
For several decades, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has widely been used as a fluorinated surfactant in aqueous film forming foams used as hydrocarbon fuel fire extinguishers. Due to concerns regarding its environmental persistence and toxicological effects, PFOS has recently been replaced by novel fluorinated surfactants such as Forafac®1157, developed by the DuPont company. The major component of Forafac®1157 is a 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamide alkylbetaine (6:2 FTAB), and a link between the trade name and the exact chemical structure is presented here to the scientific community for the first time. In the present work, the structure of the 6:2 FTAB was elucidated by 1H, 13C and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Moreover, its major metabolites from blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and its photolytic transformation products were identified. Contrary to what has earlier been observed for PFOS, the 6:2 FTAB was extensively metabolized by blue mussel and turbot exposed to Forafac®1157. The major metabolite was a deacetylated betaine species, from which mono- and di-demethylated metabolites also were formed. Another abundant metabolite was the 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamide. In another experiment, Forafac®1157 was subjected to UV-light induced photolysis. The experimental conditions aimed to simulate Arctic conditions and the deacetylated species was again the primary transformation product of 6:2 FTAB. A 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamide was also formed along with a non-identified transformation product. The environmental presence of most of the metabolites and transformation products was qualitatively demonstrated by analysis of soil samples taken in close proximity to an airport fire training facility. 相似文献
33.
针对绿藻,采用超声波提取,以荧光激发-发射波长差216nm,建立了同步荧光法测定绿藻叶绿素a含量的新方法,其线性范围为0.02~1.25 mg/L,检出限为1.6ug/L,加标回收率在97.0%~104%之间。与分光光度法测定叶绿素a的对比试验结果表明,两者无显著性差异,但该方法具有快速、灵敏,其他常见色素不干扰测定的优点,能够满足供水中绿藻叶绿素a含量快速检测的需要。 相似文献
34.
Susana Redondo-Gómez LucÍa Cox Juan Cornejo Enrique Figueroa 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):249-254
Diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- = 1,1-dimethylurea) and simazine (6-chloro-N 2, N 4-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) are soil-applied herbicides used in olive crops. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of these herbicides on Photosystem II photochemistry of Olea europaea L., and whether the amendment of soil with an organic waste (OW) from olive oil production industry modifies this effect. For this purpose, herbicide soil adsorption studies, with unamended and OW-amended soil, and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements in adult olive leaves, after one, two and three weeks of soil herbicide treatment and/or OW amendment, were performed. Soil application of these herbicides reduced the efficiency of Photosystem II photochemistry of olive trees due to chronic photoinhibition, and this effect is counterbalanced by the addition of OW to the soil. OW reduces herbicide uptake by the plant due to an increase in herbicide adsorption. 相似文献
35.
Fetal magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is technically feasible in utero and demonstrates similar findings to those observed in neonatal populations. MRS can provide additional information to conventional T1- and T2-weighted imaging of the fetal brain. It is of particular use when subtle changes are present on conventional fetal MRI sequences, and when imaging fetuses at risk of brain injury and metabolic abnormalities. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
36.
Justin M. McGrath 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(4):1023-1028
Early spring leaf out is important to the success of deciduous trees competing for light and space in dense forest plantation canopies. In this study, we investigated spring leaf flush and how long-term growth at elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and elevated ozone concentration ([O3]) altered leaf area index development in a closed Populus tremuloides (aspen) canopy. This work was done at the Aspen FACE experiment where aspen clones have been grown since 1997 in conditions simulating the [CO2] and [O3] predicted for ∼2050. The responses of two clones were compared during the first month of spring leaf out when CO2 fumigation had begun, but O3 fumigation had not. Trees in elevated [CO2] plots showed a stimulation of leaf area index (36%), while trees in elevated [O3] plots had lower leaf area index (−20%). While individual leaf area was not significantly affected by elevated [CO2], the photosynthetic operating efficiency of aspen leaves was significantly improved (51%). There were no significant differences in the way that the two aspen clones responded to elevated [CO2]; however, the two clones responded differently to long-term growth at elevated [O3]. The O3-sensitive clone, 42E, had reduced individual leaf area when grown at elevated [O3] (−32%), while the tolerant clone, 216, had larger mature leaf area at elevated [O3] (46%). These results indicate a clear difference between the two clones in their long-term response to elevated [O3], which could affect competition between the clones, and result in altered genotypic composition in future atmospheric conditions. 相似文献
37.
38.
Susan Taylor David B. Ringelberg Katerina Dontsova Charles P. Daghlian Marianne E. Walsh Michael R. Walsh 《Chemosphere》2013
Two compounds, 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) are the main ingredients in a suite of explosive formulations that are being, or soon will be, fielded at military training ranges. We aim to understand the dissolution characteristics of DNAN and NTO and three insensitive muntions (IM) formulations that contain them. This information is needed to accurately predict the environmental fate of IM constituents, some of which may be toxic to people and the environment. We used Raman spectroscopy to identify the different constituents in the IM formulations and micro computed tomography to image their three-dimensional structure. These are the first three-dimensional images of detonated explosive particles. 相似文献
39.
采用具有不同阴极材料的三相三维电极反应器,对300 mg/L酸性橙7(AO7)模拟废水进行处理研究,重点考察阴极材料对脱色率和反应体系矿化能力的影响,同时利用HPLC、UV-Vis、GC-MS等分析方法对·OH、H2O2以及降解产物进行测定,探讨了3种电极对AO7的降解行为.结果表明,在电压20 V条件下电解60 min后,活性炭纤维(ACF)、石墨和不锈钢等3种阴极体系对于AO7的脱色率均高于96%,三者之间没有明显差别.但是ACF体系对TOC的去除率可达到57.4%,高于其它两者.3种阴极体系中均有高活性的·OH和H2O2生成,但是ACF阴极体系中产生的浓度较高,从而决定了其具有较高的矿化能力.几种不同电极体系电解AO7过程中都遵循了相同的产生酮类和萘酚类物质的过程. 相似文献
40.
Characterization of humic acids extracted from the sediments of the various
rivers and lakes in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The humic acids (HAs) isolated from the sediments of the various rivers,lakes,and reservoirs in China were studied using elemental analyzer,fourier transform infrared (FT-IR),and CP/MAS 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.The results showed that the HAs were characterized by some common chemical and physicochemical properties,but they also pose some differences in the C-containing functional groups.The C/N,C/H,O/C,and O/H ratios differ widely for the various HAs,showing that the elemental comp... 相似文献